Economics ❯ Public Finance ❯ Debt Management

Deficit Reduction

Government Spending Taxation Economic Growth Budget Deficits Taxation Policies Economic Forecasts Spending Cuts Budget Planning Fiscal Rules Economic Efficiency

S&P Affirms Italy at BBB+ and Lifts Outlook to Positive

The move reflects confidence in private‑sector support for external balances, with fiscal consolidation seen sufficient to bend debt lower from 2028.

OECD Urges Spain to Extend Pension Calculation to 35 Years in New Economic Review

Spain’s Fiscal Watchdog Calls for Overhaul of Fiscal Rules Under EU Spending Cap

Bayrou Presses 2026 Austerity Budget With Holiday Cuts and Pay Freezes

French PM Bayrou Proposes Referendum on €40 Billion Budget Cuts