Protective Behavior Human Interaction Affection Emotional Intelligence Social Structure Maternal Care Tool Use Aggression Human-Animal Interaction Migration Patterns Vocal Communication Vocalization Trunkedness Preference Social Interactions Cognition Personality Human-Animal Bond Movement Patterns Strength Social Behavior Rescue Assistance Intelligence Training Motherhood Habitat Social Interaction Viral Videos Feeding Agitation Empathy Charging Playfulness Protection of Young Attacks Maternal Instincts Protective Mothers Zoochosis Conservation Socialization Domestication Protection Impulse Control Herd Dynamics
Authors say the result could help shape barrier designs to reduce human–elephant conflict, with further tests needed on age effects and field application.