Overview
- China’s leadership prefers to pursue unification without the use of force even as it keeps the option to use force on the table, the Annual Threat Assessment says.
- The report judges an amphibious assault on Taiwan would be extremely difficult and high risk, particularly if the United States intervened.
- U.S. analysts say the People’s Liberation Army is making steady but uneven progress on capabilities relevant to a Taiwan contingency.
- The assessment warns a conflict would disrupt global trade and technology supply chains and roil markets, with severe economic costs for the U.S., China, and others.
- Beijing links unification to its 2049 'national rejuvenation' goal and would weigh PLA readiness, Taiwan’s politics, and the likelihood of U.S. intervention when considering military options.