Overview
- The report, published March 17, documents average mortality of 2.2 birds and 0.8 bats per small turbine each year.
- Per-turbine impacts are limited, yet cumulative effects across roughly 400 units in Groningen can surpass assessment norms used by the Council of State.
- Collision risk concentrates at turbines near farm vegetation, buildings or waterways where flight routes, foraging areas and roosts overlap.
- Provinces are exploring mitigation such as nighttime stops in high‑risk August periods and protective habitat measures outside turbine reach.
- New small turbines remain possible only after an ecological quickscan, and existing units support farms with about 53,900 kWh of annual output per turbine.