Overview
- The tally reverses earlier gains and brings totals back near the levels recorded in 2004.
- Castilla y León holds the largest population at about 10,997 pairs and appears stable despite the national decline.
- Extremadura and Navarra show steep losses, while the Community of Madrid reaches a record near 2,500 pairs tied to nearby landfills.
- Analyses cite landfill closures acting as ecological traps alongside pressures from agricultural intensification, nest removals, and power-line collisions.
- With Portugal reporting 14,421 pairs, the Iberian population nears 50,000, reinforcing calls for sustained monitoring and targeted conservation.