Overview
- The Ministry of Equality and INE conducted 11,894 interviews for the seventh Macroencuesta, with officials noting methodological changes that limit comparisons with 2019.
- An estimated 30.3% of women have experienced violence from a partner or ex-partner, including 12.7% who suffered physical or sexual abuse—about 2.7 million women.
- Only 16.8% of victims of partner violence filed formal complaints, while 76.9% faced repeated episodes and 39.2% said the abuse lasted more than five years.
- Beyond intimate relationships, 14.5% report sexual violence and 36.2% report sexual harassment, with most non-partner sexual offenders known to the victim.
- Technology-facilitated abuse is pronounced—9.4% received unsolicited explicit messages and 34.5% of women aged 18–24 report digital harassment—and exposure to physical or sexual violence is linked to suicide-attempt risks nearly 11 times higher, rising to about 13 times for rape victims.