Overview
- The Seoul city government, using resident-population data, counted 75,927 people in the Gwanghwamun–City Hall area between 8 and 9 p.m. during the March 21 concert.
- Foreign nationals totaled 19,170, or about 25 percent of the crowd, with most classified as long‑term residents and the largest groups from Thailand, Vietnam, India and Japan.
- Police had prepared for as many as 260,000 people, which led to tight crowd control and transit measures across central Seoul.
- Officials built the estimate by blending mobile base‑station signals with public transit card swipes to gauge who was physically present, including short‑stay visitors.
- Other tallies differed because of scope and data limits, ranging from about 46,000 to 48,000 in the city’s real‑time feed to 104,000 from organizer HYBE, which counted nearby shopping areas and passersby.