Particle.news
Download on the App Store

Seabird Guano Powered Pre-Inca Chincha Agriculture, Study Finds

Isotopic evidence from ancient maize confirms fertilization by at least 1250 CE in Peru's hyper-arid Chincha Valley.

Overview

  • A peer-reviewed PLOS One paper analyzes carbon, nitrogen and sulfur isotopes in 35 archaeological maize cobs and 11 seabirds from contexts spanning 200 BCE to the Colonial era.
  • Elevated maize δ15N values match guano manuring signatures known from Chile, while non-enriched δ34S points to environmental and cultural influences on sulfur signals.
  • Radiocarbon and isotopic results date the use of marine-derived fertilizer to at least 1250 CE, well before Inca rule in the region.
  • The authors argue that enhanced maize yields produced surpluses that supported the Chincha Kingdom’s economic complexity, maritime trade and eventual ties with the Inca Empire.
  • Coverage notes harvests from the nearby Chincha Islands and highlights implications for understanding coastal Andean agriculture and for interpreting isotopic diet studies.