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Retired Van Allen Probe A Reenters Over Eastern Pacific After Solar Activity Speeds Orbital Decay

An unusually active solar maximum expanded the upper atmosphere, increasing drag that drove the satellite back to Earth years sooner than forecast.

Overview

  • The U.S. Space Force confirmed the reentry at 6:37 a.m. EDT on March 11 over the eastern Pacific near 2° south latitude and 255.3° east longitude.
  • NASA said most of the 1,323‑pound spacecraft likely burned up, some components may have survived, and no injuries were reported, with an estimated casualty risk of about 1 in 4,200.
  • The return occurred well ahead of the earlier 2034 estimate because the 2024 solar maximum increased thermospheric density and orbital drag.
  • Prediction was challenging due to the probe’s highly elliptical orbit, and Space Force sensors detected the reentry fireball.
  • Launched in 2012 and deactivated in 2019, the mission’s data still informs space‑weather forecasting; the risk assessment exceeded the U.S. <1‑in‑10,000 guideline for planned reentries, and the twin Probe B is expected to reenter after about 2030.