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Open-Source ChatCPR Outperforms 911 Dispatchers on CPR Guideline Accuracy

Researchers call it a complement to 911 responders pending broader trials.

A new study from the University of California, San Diego, published in the JAMA Internal Medicine Journal, showed AI-powered CPR assistance performed better than human dispatchers 100% of the time.
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Overview

  • A peer-reviewed study in JAMA Internal Medicine found ChatCPR gave CPR instructions that matched medical guidelines more often than human dispatchers in the test sample.
  • ChatCPR met 100% of basic CPR guidelines versus 85% for dispatchers, and it met 99% of advanced steps versus 63% for dispatchers.
  • The model is open source and was trained on 911 dispatcher training materials and CPR best-practice guides to deliver clear, step-by-step coaching.
  • The team first evaluated general chatbots like ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini, which handled the basics but did not perform perfectly, prompting a purpose-built system.
  • Authors say the tool should support callers until help arrives and needs real-world validation, noting that only about 2% of Americans are CPR-certified and more than 350,000 people suffer out-of-hospital cardiac arrest each year with about 9% survival.