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Oklo’s Groves Test Reactor Reaches First Criticality

It enables low-power isotope runs and operational data collection to inform future reactor designs, with commercial licensing, advanced fuel supply and financing remaining separate challenges.

Overview

  • The Groves isotope test reactor in Caldwell County, Texas, reached first criticality on Thursday, August 6, 2026, achieving a controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction at low power.
  • The Department of Energy approved Groves under its Reactor Pilot Program and gave startup authorization that cleared the way for core loading and the recent startup tests.
  • Groves is a pool-type, water-cooled test reactor built to produce medical and research isotopes and to generate hands-on operational data for Oklo’s future commercial designs.
  • Oklo used commercially sourced low-enriched uranium to avoid advanced-fuel bottlenecks, and the quick build from groundbreaking to criticality has drawn positive investor attention.
  • Despite the milestone, scaling to revenue-generating power reactors will still require separate NRC commercial licensing, reliable advanced-fuel (HALEU) supplies, and major financing for larger projects.