Overview
- A PLOS One study analyzes a Neanderthal molar from Chagyrskaya Cave in southern Siberia dated to about 59,000 years ago.
- Researchers identify a deliberately drilled cavity whose shape and scratches match marks from experimental stone-tool drilling.
- Scans reveal dentin changes that align with severe caries, indicating the procedure targeted diseased tissue.
- The hole reaches the pulp chamber, with antemortem wear showing the individual kept using the tooth after treatment.
- The authors call it the oldest known successful dental procedure and the first documented in a species other than Homo sapiens.