Overview
- Voters turned down Amendment 4 and Amendment 5 in the August 4 primary, with major outlets projecting decisive defeats for both measures.
- Amendment 4 would have required citizen-led constitutional amendments to win a majority in every congressional district rather than a simple statewide majority, a rule critics said would block many popular petitions.
- Amendment 5 would have phased out the individual income tax over time and allowed expansion of sales and use taxes to replace revenue, a plan opponents warned would raise costs for ordinary purchases.
- The Missouri Association of Realtors and allied committees provided large funding to the opposition, spending millions on ads and donations that shaped the campaign and helped sway voters.
- Secretary of State Denny Hoskins refused to place a referendum on the new congressional map on the ballot and that decision is now being challenged in court, a dispute that could affect future citizen-led efforts.