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Microsoft’s Laser-Etched Glass Stores Terabytes for Millennia, Peer-Reviewed Study Finds

Peer-reviewed results show millennia-scale endurance from laser-written glass storage despite unresolved engineering hurdles.

Overview

  • Microsoft’s Project Silica reports in Nature that it reliably wrote, read and decoded data as 3D voxels in glass, fitting 4.84 TB into a 12-square-centimetre, 2-millimetre-thick plate.
  • Accelerated-aging tests at 290°C extrapolate data survival beyond 10,000 years, with the medium resistant to temperature shifts, moisture and electromagnetic interference.
  • Data are written layer by layer with high-powered laser pulses and retrieved via a specialized microscope and AI-driven decoding.
  • The latest work extends writing to common borosilicate glass and introduces parallel writing and phase-voxel techniques, though current write speed is about 3.13 MB/s across 301 layers.
  • Researchers and outside experts caution that practical challenges remain, including vulnerability to breakage or chemicals, slow throughput, mass production, and ensuring future accessibility.