Overview
- U.S. Census and Migration Policy Institute analysis show the number of people born in Mexico living in the United States fell to roughly 11.14 million in 2024, down from a peak of about 11.71 million in 2010.
- MPI reports the drop equals roughly a 5% decline since 2010 and links the change to intensified border and interior enforcement that ramped up under policies tied to President Trump.
- The Mexican-born population is highly concentrated: California and Texas together account for about 57% while five states hold roughly 70% and five metropolitan areas contain about 35% of Mexican-born residents.
- A large share of Mexican-born residents are long-established, but mid-2023 estimates put about 5.5 million Mexican unauthorized migrants in the U.S. and December 2025 data show roughly 402,900 Mexican DACA beneficiaries.
- Analysts warn that continued tightening of border and interior controls could accelerate declines, with likely effects on regional labor markets, family ties and communities that depend on Mexican workers.