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Medieval Merchant’s Wax Notebook Recovered Intact From Paderborn Latrine

Conservators are using noninvasive imaging to separate layered Latin cursive, expecting months of analysis before full transcription and public display.

Overview

  • Archaeologists working on a municipal construction site in Paderborn recovered a palm-sized wood-and-wax notebook from a sealed medieval latrine that remained tightly bound in a leather satchel.
  • The ten-page tablet has wax-coated pages written in Latin cursive that show multiple superimposed layers, which makes parts readable but requires advanced imaging to separate overwritten text.
  • The object’s leather cover is embossed with a fleur-de-lis and the script style points to the 13th to late 14th century, evidence that suggests an educated, likely merchant, owner.
  • Conservators at LWL have cleaned and opened the notebook, documented it, and are planning noninvasive scans and scientific tests that could take months up to about a year before a complete transcription is ready.
  • The find sits alongside barrels, pottery, a knife and finely woven silk scraps from the latrine, illustrating how airtight, damp cesspits can preserve organic materials and offering a rare window into everyday medieval life.