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JWST Study Reveals 'Lemon-Shaped' Pulsar Companion With Helium–Carbon Atmosphere

Scientists are weighing a stripped-star remnant hypothesis versus a new object class.

Overview

  • The Astrophysical Journal Letters paper measures an equatorial diameter about 38% larger than the polar diameter, yielding an extreme tidal elongation.
  • Infrared spectra from the James Webb Space Telescope indicate an atmosphere dominated by helium and molecular carbon with little to no hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen.
  • PSR J2322-2650b orbits its pulsar at roughly one million kilometers with an orbital period near eight hours, a regime of severe tidal forces and particle bombardment.
  • The observations deliver the first atmospheric characterization of a body orbiting a pulsar, enabled by JWST’s infrared capabilities.
  • The team plans searches for similar systems to determine whether this object is an actively stripped stellar remnant or a representative of a new, stable population.