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July CPI Puts September Fed Decision on a Knife Edge

Markets are treating Wednesday’s inflation reading as the key test that will push policymakers toward tightening or allow them to stay on hold.

Overview

  • The Bureau of Labor Statistics will publish July’s Consumer Price Index on Wednesday and economists expect only a modest monthly rise that could either ease or revive pressure on the Fed to act.
  • Last Friday’s jobs report showed a loss of 23,000 payrolls and downward revisions to prior months which have weakened the near‑term case for a rate increase.
  • The Federal Open Market Committee was split at its July meeting with a 9‑3 vote to hold rates and three officials favoring a 25 basis point hike, exposing the decision to new data.
  • Rising oil prices tied to U.S.‑Iran tensions raise upside inflation risk that could push markets to price in higher odds of a September hike.
  • Traders and models now treat a September hike as roughly a coin flip and will watch July CPI together with upcoming PCE data Jackson Hole commentary and further jobs reports for the Fed’s next clear signal.