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Japan Overhauls Car Taxes and Subsidies as EU Softens 2035 Engine Rules and Expands Carbon Border Plan

The changes aim to boost sales now and recalibrate longer‑term burdens as Europe shifts from a sales ban to a 90% CO2 target.

Overview

  • Japan will suspend the local environmental performance levy on new car purchases for fiscal 2026–27, with the central government set to fully compensate municipalities for lost revenue.
  • The eco‑car weight‑tax reduction is extended two years with stricter eligibility, cutting the expected share of qualifying new vehicles from about 67% to 47% after May 2026.
  • A weight‑based surcharge on electric vehicles will begin in May 2028 as a special add‑on to the automobile weight tax, covering EVs and PHVs at a lower PHV rate, with detailed design and treatment of commercial vehicles deferred to 2026.
  • From January, Japan plans to raise the EV purchase subsidy by ¥400,000 to a maximum of about ¥1.3 million, lift PHV support to up to ¥850,000, and sharply reduce FCV aid to a ¥1.5 million cap from April following U.S. trade concerns over prior FCV preferences.
  • The European Commission proposed replacing the 2035 engine‑car sales ban with a requirement to cut average new‑car tailpipe CO2 by 90% versus 2021 and moved to expand the carbon border adjustment to roughly 180 additional products, steps that still need EU approval.