Overview
- The World Meteorological Organization's July 31 update said multi‑model averages point to a strong El Niño with a Niño 3.4 seasonal anomaly near +2.9°C for August–October and a high chance it will persist into November.
- Several leading models and national agencies, including Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology, project further warming later in the year with some runs approaching or exceeding +3°C and BOM noting possible Niño 3.5°C values by mid‑to‑late southern spring.
- The WMO and UN say the event will raise the odds of above‑normal temperatures across most land areas, increasing risks of heatwaves, droughts, intense rainfall and wildfires in different regions.
- Regional outlooks already point to hotter, drier conditions and higher bushfire risk for eastern and southern Australia and a weaker Indian monsoon with below‑normal rainfall for parts of South Asia.
- Officials stress this El Niño is unfolding on top of very warm oceans from human‑driven warming, which can amplify global heat and compound hazards, so they are urging stepped‑up early warnings and preparedness measures.