Overview
- An analysis of 958 older adults in the COSMOS randomized trial found about four months less biological aging over 24 months with a daily multivitamin versus placebo.
- Significant effects appeared on two mortality-associated epigenetic clocks—PCGrimAge (~1.4 months) and PCPhenoAge (~2.6 months)—with no statistically reliable changes on three others.
- Participants who started the trial with accelerated biological aging experienced larger slowing on these measures.
- Cocoa extract produced no effect on any of the five epigenetic aging measures tested.
- Investigators and outside experts emphasize the modest, biomarker-only signal, limited generalizability of a mostly white, healthy sample, disclosed industry support from Mars Edge and Haleon, and plans to assess persistence and links to clinical outcomes.