Overview
- D66, VVD and CDA presented a 67‑page agreement that will govern without a majority, with D66 and VVD factions signed off and CDA’s faction position not disclosed.
- €20 billion is earmarked for a nationwide nitrogen strategy with statutory 2035 targets, including roughly 42–46% ammonia cuts in agriculture and 50% NOx cuts for industry and traffic, with enforcement if milestones slip.
- A government commissioner will oversee Groningen’s recovery and strengthening operations; the Groningen field stays closed, no new Wadden Sea drilling permits are issued, and North Sea production continues.
- The asylum package keeps the Spreidingswet for now, expands stricter oversight and detention facilities, boosts funding for the asylum chain this year (€241m) and next (€470m), and provides extra police at reception centers.
- The financial framework retains an uncertain €1.6 billion EU contribution discount from 2028, drawing scrutiny as stakeholders react mixedly, with conservation groups urging legal safeguards and business and provinces welcoming execution focus.