Overview
- Copernicus reports a 2025 global average surface‑air temperature of 14.97°C, about 1.47°C above the preindustrial level.
- For the first time, the 2023–2025 mean exceeded 1.5°C above preindustrial levels, though the Paris goal is judged over longer periods and is not formally deemed failed.
- Copernicus scientists, including director Carlo Buontempo, warn a sustained breach of the Paris 1.5°C guardrail is likely before 2030 if emissions do not fall faster.
- The service identifies rising greenhouse gases as the primary driver, with exceptionally warm seas and El Niño boosting recent peaks and a modest recent dip in some sea‑surface temperatures noted.
- The past 11 years are the warmest on record, 2025 saw around 120 new monthly temperature records in 70+ countries, widespread heat stress and major wildfires, and unusually high polar temperatures including an Antarctic annual record.