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Chernobyl at 40 as Kyiv Alleges ‘Nuclear Terrorism’ and Safety Shield Remains Compromised

The IAEA reports the arch over Reactor 4 lost its primary safety functions after a 2025 drone strike.

Overview

  • Ukraine, which marked the 40th anniversary Sunday, heard President Volodymyr Zelenskyy accuse Russia of nuclear terrorism and point to regular drone overflights and last year’s strike on Chernobyl’s protective shell.
  • IAEA inspectors said in December 2025 that the New Safe Confinement — the giant steel arch built in 2016 to encase the ruined reactor — no longer fulfills its core safety role after a drone punctured its outer cladding and sparked a fire.
  • Repair needs are extensive and costly, with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development estimating about €500 million, yet continued Russian drone activity near the site raises fresh risks and could slow full restoration.
  • War-related hazards remain acute, with Ukrainian officials reporting frequent drones within 20 km of Chernobyl and AFP noting three civilian deaths Sunday from one of Russia’s large overnight drone barrages across the country.
  • Life and memory persist around the site as about 2,000–2,250 staff rotate to manage decommissioning in the exclusion zone and residents of Slavutych keep a midnight vigil, even as managers warn the damaged shelter has lost leak‑tightness.