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ALMA Spots Methanol-Rich Chemistry in Interstellar Visitor 3I/ATLAS

Early ALMA results point to unusually rich methanol plus hydrogen cyanide, with independent checks expected from JWST followed by JUICE.

Overview

  • A NASA-led team using ALMA detected significant gaseous methanol and hydrogen cyanide in 3I/ATLAS, only the third known interstellar object.
  • Methanol makes up about eight percent of the vapor, roughly four times typical comet levels, with production rates for both molecules among the highest ever measured.
  • The analysis attributes the gases to the object's core, with methanol also observed in the surrounding coma.
  • Recent ESA JUICE images show two tails and heavy gas release following the object's closest approach to the Sun.
  • The findings come from a preprint pending peer review, with JWST observations expected this month and a full JUICE dataset slated for February 2026; public speculation about artificial origins remains unverified.